Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects how a person’s brain develops and functions, and an estimated 1 in 40* people are on the autism spectrum. Autism can be diagnosed in people of all ages, all cultural backgrounds and economic status.
*Based on prevalence studies conducted over the past five years
Exhaustion is one of the greatest consequences of social camouflaging for Autistic adults. Camouflaging requires intensive concentration, self-control, management of discomfort and is hard to maintain over time.
“Putting on My Best Normal”: Social Camouflaging in Adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (2017)
Just because you don't see something doesn't mean it isn't there. The ‘double empathy problem’ refers to a breakdown in understanding between two people. It calls on both Autistic and non-Autistic people to demonstrate “a position of humility in the face of difference, the need to build rapport and understanding and not assume a lack of capacity for understanding”.
The ‘double empathy problem’: Ten years on, Autism (2022)
Autistic masking “is the process of intentionally, or unintentionally, hiding aspects of yourself to avoid harm.” Research tells us that masking places an incredible burden on Autistic people, one that only gets harder with age and practice.
”Masking Is Life”: Experiences of Masking in Autistic and Nonautistic Adults, Autism in Adulthood (2021)
Autism diagnoses are typically based on a person’s deficits. But we are seeing a shift, where many people are calling for a strengths-based approach that seeks to understand Autistic people and their individual strengths while also acknowledging places where support may be needed. It is a quest to move away from presuming incompetence, to presuming competence.
An Expert Discussion on Strengths-Based Approaches in Autism, Autism in Adulthood (2019)
Research has found some Autistic people experience physical discomfort when making eye contact. Negative physical symptoms associated with eye contact in Autistic people include headaches, increased heart rate, pain and nausea.
The study also showed many Autistic people find eye contact invasive, distracting, and confusing, and some felt it should be reserved for intimate relationships and trusted people.
"How do adults and teens with self-declared autism spectrum disorder experience eye contact? A qualitative analysis of first-hand accounts." (2017)
Autistic burnout is associated with negative physical and mental health outcomes for Autistic adults. We can support Autistic friends and family members who are experiencing burnout by communicating acceptance, social support, helping reduce expectations, and supporting them to unmask.
‘‘Having All of Your Internal Resources Exhausted Beyond Measure and Being Left with No Clean-Up Crew’’: Defining Autistic Burnout, Autism in Adulthood (2020)
